Apparatus for magnetic separation.



C. Q. PAYNE. APPARATUS FOR MAGNETIC SEPARATION;

- APPLIGATION FILED 00123, 1903.

901,368.. Patented-Oct. 20, 1908.

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' 1 I'll UNITED STATES PATENT OFF-ICE.

CLARENCE Q. PAYNE, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THEINTERNATIONAL SEPARATOR COMPANY, A CQRPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR MAGNETIC SEPARATION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE Q. PAYNE, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Stamford, in the county of Fairfield, State ofConnecticut, having a post-ofiice address at 99 John street, in theborough of Manhattan, in the city and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for MagneticSeparation, of which the following is a full and true specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein similarletters refer to like parts in the several views.

My invention relates to improvements in magnetic ore separators for theconcentration of substances of all degrees of magnetic permeability, andmore especially to improvements in that type of separator in which themagnetic field is formed between opposing magnetic surfaces.

In an application for United States Letters Patent filed February 2nd,1902, Serial Number 141,4G2, I have, among other things, described andclaimed a novel form of ore separating apparatus wherein toothed platesor laminae are so disposed in the separating carrier or cylinder of saidapparatus, that the teeth of the adjacent laminae are brought out ofalinement, and thus expose a large number of points and lines of thetoothed edges of said laminae to the oreparticles undergoing separation,whereby very beneficial effects may be exerted, especially upon thoseore-particles which are feebly magnetic. In my present invention I amable to accomplish the same results by other dispositions orarrangements of the toothed plates or laminae, and I am also enabled tomake use of plates or laminae having smooth edges, whereby importantadvantages are secured.

My invention also consists of a novel form of separating-cylinder, andit is shown as applicable to a complete ore-separating machine,'in whicha single magnetic field is formed upon two magnetic circuits.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 shows an application of myinvention to an ore-separating machine. Figs. 2 and 8 illustrate bydiagrammatic sections through a magnetic field, the use for the purposedescribed, of magnetizable plates or laminae whose edge faces form theseparatingsurface of a carrier, and are spaced apart by a series ofinterleaved non magnetic laminae, so that the adjacent outer edges ofsaid magnetizable laminae are out of contact with each other. Figs. 4and 5 show an application of my invention to a novel form of cylindricalseparating-carrier. Figs. 6, '7, 8 and 9 illustrate applications of myinvention to various forms of a hollow cylindrical, or annular,separating-carrier.

In accomplishing the purpose of my present invention, I preferably makeuse of a series of thin iron or soft steel plates, or laminae, which areplaced transversely to the axis of the separating cylinder, or carrier,in order to completely suppress Foucault, or eddy, currents which wouldotherwise be generated in the carrier, and offer a resist ance to itsmotion, when caused to travel through a strong magnetic field.

As shown in Fig. 2, the edge-faces of the magnetizable plates which formthe separating surface of the carrier may all be smooth, and arealternately interleaved with plates of non-magnetic metal, paper, fiber,or other non-magnetic material, which serve to space apart themagnetizable plates, and thus bring the adjacent outer edges A A B B, ofsaid magnetizable plates out of contact with each other. When broughtwithin a magnetic field formed between the surfaces M and N, the linesof force within the field will then be strongly diverged, or dispersed,from the bounding edge-faces of the magnet izable plates, andfrom theirbounding edges, towards the opposing surface N. By the use of plateswhich are quite thin, and in a field of high magnetic density, I havefound that not only the bounding edges, but the edgefaces themselves,maybe employed to attract and hold oreparticles of even slight mag neticpermeability, while separating them from non magnetic particles. Theedgefaces of the magnetizable plates may also be made toothed, whilethose of the interleaving non-magnetic plates are made smooth, or asshown in Fig. 3 they may all be toothed. Various other combinations orarrangements of the plates will also suggest themselves. In any case itis the purpose of my present invention to cause the adjacent outer edgesof the magnetizable plates to be brought out of contact with each other,by spacing them apart by means of plates of non-magnetic metal, fiber,or other non-magnetic material, so that they expose to the ore-particlesundergoing separation, a series of strongly magnetized edges andedge-faces, or a combination of magnetized points, edges and edge-faces,whereby a proper separating effect may be obtained by the control whichthey thus exert over the positions of the lines of force within themagnetic field.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown a novel form of cylindricalseparating-carrier, in which I have embodied that application of myinvention which is illustrated in Fig. 2, although it will be readilyunderstood that any of the other applications of my invention, referredto above and shown in Fig. 3, may also be combined with this form ofseparating-cylinder. A series of thin iron or soft steel circularplates, or disks, S (shown in part section in Fig. at) are mounted upona shaft T, and clamped together in any convenient way, as for instance,by means of a key and compression flanges, as shown in the illustration.This form of separating-cylinder can be revolved with great ease througha magnetic field, which is formed between magnetic surfaces placed onopposite sides of the cylinder, since it completely suppresses theFoucault or eddy currents, by its sub division into thin plates, andforms in effect a laminated armature bar. My invention may also beapplied to other widely different forms of separating-carriers, orcylinders, and I have shown in Figs. 3, 7, S and 9, for purpose ofillustration, other applications of my invention to hollow cylindrical,or annular, separating-carriers. These forms of cylinders are found tobe desirable when one of the two opposing magnetic surfaces, orpolepieces, between which a magnetic field is formed, is placed on theinside, and the other on the outside of the cylinder.

In the construction shown in Figs. (5, 8 and 9, the plates which mayform any of the various combinations shown'in Figs. 2 and 3, arepreferably clamped together by tie-rods V V, which support flangeddrum-heads at their ends. These tie-rods, which should be made of metalor alloy of high electrical resistance, such as manganese-bronze, etc.,are maintained in proper position by means of tierings R R placed atintervals. The plates when assembled, thus form in effect an annular,laminated armature-ring, and are preferably interrupted, or made insections, in order to introduce air-gaps, and thus avoid weakening thefield by short circuiting a portion of it in the direction of thecircumferen'ce of the cylinder. In this way I am also able to suppressFoucault or eddy currents, when this form of cylinder is caused totravel through a strong magnetic field.

In Fig. 7 .l have shown another form of separating-cylinder, in whichthe same results may be accomplished by means of any of the variouscombinations of plates already referred to in connection with Figs. 2and by inserting them in grooves in the surface of a hollow or annularnonmagnetic cylinder, instead of clamping them together in the mannershown in Fig. 9.

In Fig. 1, l. have shown, in a sectional view, my invention embodied inan operating machine, and in connection with the pa rticular form ofseparating-cylindershown in Figs. 1 and 5. Here a magnetic fieldestablished in the space between the opposing magnetic surfaces of thepole-pieces M and N. The cylindrical separating-carrier S T is placedcentrally between the polepieces M N, and at a short distance from theirsurfaces, which are made approximately concentric with theseparating'cylinder for a portion of their lengths, as shown in Fig. 1.

The apparatus is preferably provided with means for retaining thematerial undergoing sepa *ation in close proximity to a considerablesegment of the cylinder. For this purpose pole-piece N is preferablyextended along a considerable segment of the cylinders surface below itshorizontal diameter, so as to form a guide-surface for the ore mixturewhile passing through field. The surface of the pole-piece may also beprovided with a lining-plate or wearing-plate as shown in Fig. 1,although such a plate is not essential to the proper operation ot themachine.

In operating the apparatus, the magnetic field is charged, and theeparzuiing-cvlinder is caused to revolve through the held in thedirection indicated by the arrow. The material to be separated, aftercrushing, it net essary to unlock the minerals to be separated, isintroduced. from any convenient source of supply H, by means of theguide plates l5 F Gr, into the magnetic field between the cylindricalcarrier S and the pole-piece N. The magnetic ore-particles of thematerial are then attracted and held to the surface of the carrier S,until by the continued rotation of the carrier, they are conveyed out ofthe field.

During their passage tl'irough the field, the surface of the pole-pieceN, which is preferably made approximately concentric with the cylinderS, and its relative position to the cylinder, serve to retain theore-particles in close proximity to the surface of the cylin-- der alonga considerable segment thereof below its horizontal diameter, and whilethe non-n'iagnetic or non-attracted particles are thus readilydischarged from the surface of the cylinder, the magnetic or attractedpar ticles are at the same time prevented from escaping beyond the rangeof attraction of the inductively magnetized surface of the cylinder,while within the field.

Upon successive local demagnelization of the plate edges of thecylinder, as the former I revolve through and out of the field, theattracted ore-particles are released and discharged over the edge of thedivision-plate K, thus efi'ecting their separation from the non-magneticor non-attracted ore particles, which on leaving the field are guided bythe division-plate K into a separate receptacle, not shown in thedrawings.

In case it is desired to divide an ore-mixture into products known inore-dressing as heads, middlings and tailings, or where the crudematerial contains several magnetic materials which differ in theirmagnetic susceptibility, it may be desirable to use two or moredivision-plates to classify the magnetic material, as it is dischargedfrom the separating-carrier, as shown in Fig. 1. If the ore contains acertain amount of strongly magnetic material, it may also be desirableto employ a light brush as shown at Y Fig. l in order to prevent suchparticles from remaining attached to the surface of the cylin der duringa complete revolution.

hat I claim is:

1. In a magnetic separator, a transversely laminated separating-cylinderprovided with a plurality of magnetizable laminae having edgeprojections, placed alternately and contacting with respect to aplurality of nonmagnetizable laminae, in combination with two opposingpole-pieces between which a magnetic field is formed, and between whichsaid cylinder is arranged to revolve, substantially as described.

2. In a magnetic separator, a transversely laminated separating-cylinderprovided with a plurality of magnetizable circular disks having edgeprojections, placed alternately and contacting with respect to aplurality of non-magnetizable disks, in combination with two opposingpole-pieces, between which a magnetic field is formed, and between whichsaid cylinder is arranged to revolve, sub stantially as described.

3. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a transversely laminatedseparatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable laminaehaving edge projections, placed alternately and contacting with respectto a plurality of non-magnetizable laminae; means for magnetizing saidcylinder, and means for retaining the material undergoing separation inclose proximity to said cylinder along a considerable segment thereofbelow its horizontal diameter, substantially as described.

i. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a transversely laminatedseparatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable circulardisks having edge projections, placed alternately and contacting withrespect to a plurality of non-magnetizable disks; means for magnetizingsaid cylinder, and means for retaining the material undergoingseparation in close proximity to said cylinder, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a transversely laminatedseparatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable laminaehaving edge projections, placed alternately and contacting with respectto a plurality of non-magnetizable laminae; two opposing pole-pieces,between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, and a guide-plateformed partly by one of said pole-pieces and partly by an upwardextension added thereto, substantially as described.

6. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a transversely laminatedseparatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable circulardisks having toothed edges, placed alternately and contacting withrespect to a plurality of non-magnetizable disks; two opposingpole-pieces between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, and aguide-plate formed partly by one of said pole-pieces and partly by anupward extension added thereto, substantially as described.

7. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a transversely laminatedseparatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable laminaehaving edge projections, placed alternately and contacting with respectto a plurality of non-magnetizable laminae; two opposing pole-piecesbetween which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, and a guide-plateconnected with one of said pole-pieces, having an extension above thehorizontal diameter of said cylinder, sub stantially as described.

8. In a magnetic se arator, the combination of a transversely aminatedseparatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable circulardisks having toothed edges, placed alternately and contacting withrespect to a plurality of non-magnetizable disks; two opposingpole-pieces between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, and aguide-plate connected with one of said pole-pieces, having an extensionabove the horizontal diameter of said cylinder, substantially asdescribed.

CLARENCE Q. PAYNE.

Witnesses:

ALFRED GAW, HOWARD H. PETERSON.

